Key Terms and Events Terms Key Terms and Events. He is the second child born to Thomas Lincoln and Nancy (Hanks) Lincoln—daughter Sarah was born February 10, 1807. December 20, Sherman reaches Savannah, Georgia, leaving a path of destruction 60 miles wide all the way from Atlanta. On November 6, Lincoln is elected as the 16th President of the United States, receiving 180 of 303 electoral votes and about 40 percent of the popular vote in a five-way election.

West Virginia is admitted to Union as the thirty-fifth state. Salmon P. Chase is appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. HistoryNet.com contains daily features, photo galleries and over 5,000 articles originally published in our various magazines. ... Pfc. General Robert E. Lee is appointed commander of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia after his predecessor is wounded. The Union endorses the use of volunteers for the war and offers a $100 bonus for at least two years of service. On September 17, General Robert E. Lee and the Confederate armies are stopped at the Battle of Antietam in Maryland, the bloodiest day in U.S. history. After an engagement of months, General Ulysses S. Grant finally captures Vicksburg, Mississippi, a Confederate stronghold. Vice President Andrew Johnson is sworn in as the seventeenth President of the United States. July 11–12, Fort Stevens on the outskirts of Washington, D.C., is unsuccessfully attacked by a Confederate force under Lieutenant General Jubal A. In October, Truett is acquitted after a three-day trial. (The U.S. Navy had accepted black sailors from the beginning of the war.). After General George McClellan stopped Robert E. Lee's advance into Maryland at Antietam Creek in September 1862, Lincoln announced his preliminary Proclamation. On July 4, Vicksburg, Mississippi, capitulates to the army of Ulysses S. Grant.

It had been a remarkable spring for the commander in chief.

With trade suffering from the federal blockade, the Confederacy converts the wooden Merrimack into an ironclad gunship, now called the Virginia. He died the next morning. On April 15, 1865, President Abraham Lincoln died. On December 6, the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, passed by Congress on January 31, 1865, is finally ratified and slavery is abolished. Thousands of Americans remembered the sight of the passing funeral train as one of the most deeply emotional events of their lives. The President warned that if the rebellion did not end by January 1, 1863, he would issue his presidential order of emancipation and move to destroy slavery in the rebel states once and for all.

Union losses number more than 12,600, while Confederate casualties rise to 5,300. Lincoln resumes his travels in the 8th Judicial Circuit. Virginia is most populous of the Southern states. Horace Greeley, a radical Republican, is eager for peace. Following his success, Lee decides to begin a second invasion into the North. During the American Civil War, President Lincoln noted again and again that his purpose in fighting the South was to save the Union, not to free the slaves. The Senate had passed the amendment in April 1864. Formerly Governor of Ohio and then secretary of the treasury under Lincoln, Chase kept the nation out of financial ruin through Legal Tender Act in 1862.

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